Signs of Depression

Everyone experiences depression in their own unique way. Sadness is a primary symptom, however, depression can manifest as numbness, lifelessness, anger or restlessness. Common depression symptoms include:

• Insomnia or excessive sleeping

• Difficulty concentrating, making decisions or completing basic tasks

• Feeling hopeless, empty or worthless

• Changes in appetite or weight

• Inability to control negative thoughts

• Irritability, aggression, restlessness or anger

• Loss of energy or fatigue

• Reckless behavior (e.g., substance abuse, compulsive gambling or unsafe sex)

• Inability to feel pleasure

• Unexplained aches and pains

• Loss of interest in previously enjoyed activities (e.g., hobbies, sex or socializing)

• Thoughts of suicide/death or feeling life isn’t worth living
   

Depression Risk Factors

The exact cause of depression is unknown, however experts have identified potential causes and risk factors. Genetics, stressful major life events (e.g., loss of a loved one or divorce), physical or chemical imbalances in the brain and childhood trauma (e.g., abuse, neglect or loss of a parent) have been identified as potential contributing factors. While anyone can develop depression, the following factors increase the risk:

• Age: 13 to late 20s

• Gender: Female

• Unemployment

• Family history of depression or suicide

• Lack of a social support network

• Recent childbirth

• Serious medical illness (e.g., heart disease or cancer)

• Co-occurring mental health disorder (e.g., anxiety or personality disorder)

• Low self-esteem

• Relationship or marital problems

• Financial struggles

• Drug or alcohol abuse